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Table 1 Microtextures of mechanical and chemical features identified on the zircon grain surfaces in the Riachuelos and Palma Sola beach sediments

From: Detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of the Riachuelos and Palma Sola beach sediments, Veracruz State, Gulf of Mexico: a new insight on palaeoenvironment

Microtexture

Zircon grain

Palaeoenvironmenta

Riachuelos

Palma Sola

Mechanically-induced feature

 Abraded edge (abe)

X

XXX

Aeolian, saltation, collision

 Dual striated zircon (dsz)

X

XX

Saltation, collision, short transport

 Euhedral zircon with one side broken edge (bez)

XX

X

Aeolian, saltation, collision, short transport, storm record

 Crescentic gouge (crg)

X

 

Near shore, wave action

 Arc-shaped step (as) and Linear step (ls)

X

XX

High-energy collision, aeolian, littoral zone, glacial zone

 Bulbous edge (ble)

XX

 

Aeolian, saltation, fluvial, dune

 Reworked conchoidal fracture (rcf)

X

XX

High-energy collision, aeolian, littoral zone, nearshore subaqueous

 Collision fracture (cf)

 

XXX

High-energy collision, aeolian, littoral zone

 Meandering ridge (mr)

 

X

Aeolian, littoral dune, subaqueous

 V-shaped percussion crack (vs)

 

X

High-energy collision, gouging, littoral zone, deltaic, subaqueous, surf zone

 Straight groove (sgr)

X

 

Littoral zone, wave action, saltation

Chemically-induced feature

 Solution and precipitation feature (s/p)

XX

XX

Diagenetic environment, high in contaminated sea water (alkaline fluid)

 Circular solution pit (csp)

XX

X

Intertidal zone, diagenetic, percolation of sea water

 Grain cavities (gc)

  

Diagenetic, percolation of sea water

 Delamination (dl)

X

X

Collision/diagenetic

 Silica pellicle (sp)

X

X

Starting stage of in-situ diagenetic, nearshore

 Adhered particle appears to be silica globule (ads)

 

X

In-situ diagenetic, silica saturated, low-energy

 Silica flower (sf) and crystal overgrowth

 

X

Advanced stage of diagenetic environment, silica oversaturated nearshore, low-energy

 Adhered particle (ad)b

XXX

XXX

Diagenetic, littoral, low-energy

  1. XXX means Abundant; XX means Common; X means Present; a stands for citations after Mahaney (2002), Madhavaraju et al. (2009), Mahaney et al. (2012), Armstrong-Altrin and Natalhy-Pineda (2014), Vos et al. (2014), Hossain et al. (2020), and Mohammad et al. (2020); b Adhered particles are defined as mechanical/chemical origin in some studies (e.g. Madhavaraju et al. 2009; Vos et al. 2014). Referring Figs. 6 and 7 for SEM images