Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | Journal of Palaeogeography

Fig. 3

From: First record of stable isotopes (δ13C, δ18O) and element ratios (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) of Middle to Late Jurassic belemnites from the Indian Himalayas and their potential for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions

Fig. 3

Field photographs from the Spiti (a − g) and Zanskar valleys (h, i). a The Para and Tagling formations of the Kioto Group form a massive cliff along the eastern/northern side of the Spiti Valley (at Key Monastery); b Due to its softer nature, the Spiti Shale Formation forms a plateau on top of the harder rocks of the Kioto Group (view from Kibber towards Chichim); c Hardgrounds at the top of the Tagling Formation are characterized by encrusting oysters and bivalve borings (near Chichim); d Section through the Lower and parts of the Middle member of the Spiti Shale Formation (near Langza), note person for scale; e Outcrop photo of the Middle member of the Spiti Shale Formation with bands of ferruginous concretions (near Hikkim), note hammer for scale (ca. 32 cm in length); f Section through the Upper member of the Spiti Shale Formation (near Chichim), note person for scale; g A gradually increasing number of sandstone beds indicate the border between the Spiti Shale Formation and the Giumal Formation (near Demul); h The section at Zangla Cliff is characterized by a relatively thick Ferruginous Oolite Formation and a comparatively thin Spiti Shale Formation, note person for scale; i Close-up view of the boundary between the Tagling Formation and the Ferruginous Oolite Formation at Rangdum NE. Note the abundant belemnites concentrated at the base of the Ferruginous Oolite Formation

Back to article page